What is the HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensor?
The HC-SR501 PIR Motion Sensor is a highly sensitive infrared sensor module designed to detect motion through changes in infrared radiation. Commonly utilized in DIY security systems, automatic lighting, and smart home applications, this sensor provides reliable motion detection with adjustable sensitivity and delay settings, making it an ideal choice for both hobbyists and professionals.
Operating Mechanisms of the HC-SR501
The HC-SR501 operates by detecting changes in infrared radiation within its field of view. Below is a breakdown of its operating mechanisms:
- Motion Detection: Utilizes a passive infrared (PIR) element to sense the infrared radiation emitted by moving objects, triggering a digital output when motion is detected.
- Adjustable Sensitivity: Features built-in potentiometers that allow users to calibrate the sensor's sensitivity to detect motion at varying distances and angles.
- Built-in Delay Timer: Offers an adjustable delay timer which determines how long the output signal remains high after detecting motion, catering to different application needs.
- Low Power Consumption: Designed for energy efficiency, the sensor consumes minimal power during standby, making it well-suited for battery-operated systems.
These mechanisms work together to deliver a robust and versatile motion detection solution, ensuring that your projects operate reliably in a variety of conditions.
Pins
HC-SR501 Pinout
VCC (Power Supply)
This pin provides the power required for the HC-SR501. It typically operates at 5V, though some modules support a broader voltage range.
Connection: Connect this pin to the power supply of your microcontroller or development board.
OUT (Digital Output)
The OUT pin delivers a digital signal that goes high when motion is detected.
Connection: Connect this pin to a digital input on your microcontroller to trigger actions based on motion detection.
GND (Ground)
This pin serves as the ground connection for the sensor.
Connection: Connect this pin to the ground of your power supply or microcontroller.
Technical Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Operating Voltage | 5V (typically supporting 5V to 20V) |
| Output Signal | Digital (High when motion is detected) |
| Detection Range | Up to 7-8 meters (adjustable) |
| Detection Angle | Approximately 110° |
| Delay Time | Adjustable (typically 2 to 10 seconds) |
| Operating Temperature | -20°C to 70°C |
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